Sorry Mike. For some reason I brain farted on this reply.
Conceptually you are extremely close to being 100% on target. But the other .005% is that the recoil spring slows the unlocking AND the velocity of the slide.
Wear on the locking lugs occurs during the unlocking/locking phase, so I'm sure you understand that if the recoil spring delays the unlocking until the pressure generated by the pressure drops, could be a little, could be a lot - based on the spring rate, a heavier than stock recoil spring can actually reduce wear on the locking lugs.
As for what parts get accelerated "abuse" regardless of recoil spring weight; indeed the bolt face, link, and link boss on the bottom of the barrel.
That link, where the pin (slide lock) goes through the frame, is where the cracking usually starts. I have seen 1911s that cracked across the bolt face, through from the slide rail down to the square(ish) hole the slide lock goes into on the frame. But every one of those has been "discount" 1911s. Usually "higher quality" 1911s simply break pins or links until metal fatigue from stress fractures - caused by lots and lots of heavy loads - get the best of them.
I hope this helps. It didn't come out of any book anywhere so I don't have a real reference to offer to back it up.